The answer is “almost everyone.” There are many benefits associated with an organized system of thought.

The poor
Religion inspires and helps many poor people to persevere through life; however, some of them are disaffected by religion or lose their faith at an early age. One reason for this is that religion may not give them satisfactory explanations to observable phenomena. For example, many Christians believe that God is good, controls everything, and has a plan for everyone. Yet it can be difficult to reconcile this with the observation that many good, poor folks are the victims of crime. If God is good, then why does he allow this to happen? Is this part of His plan? A more depth discussion of this issue can be found here; for our purposes in this article, it’s just an example of how people may lose faith. Without anything to fill the void, many may despair and descend into a life of crime themselves.

Philosophy could fill this void because it provides explanations based on reason and experience that always make sense. When new information surfaces, philosophy is flexible enough to modify its explanations to account for it. Religion cannot do this easily because it must adhere to dogma which is difficult to change. If disaffected youths understand why there is crime, racism, and why certain people are better off than others, they may be able to rise above despair and blind anger. Understanding the problem is the first step to overcoming it.

Poor people are every bit as capable of philosophy as other people, but sadly the struggles of daily life consume much of their time and energy. If some noble souls could help them discover and explore it, their lives could be forever changed.

Those better off
The middle and upper classes have a very different problem from the poor. They have more resources and choices, and it can be difficult for them to choose a direction and remain focused on it. Heroes and religion help some people with these issues, but many people just rather not think about it. If you want “more” out of life, you have to understand the world and your values enough to make a plan. It doesn’t have to be perfect, just enough to give your life structure; you can and should change it as needed.

Age, gender, and culture
Philosophy can help the young find their niches in the world and live accordingly. It also can help the elderly appreciate the fullness of their lives and accept the end. Men and women of all ages and cultures can reduce the number of conflicts and misunderstandings that arise from their differences through the appreciation of philosophy.